Active surveillance, rather than watchful waiting, is a new strategy in the management of early prostate cancer. While watchful waiting is a lax attitude towards prostate cancer that is not aggressive and uses only palliative treatment at the sign of disease progression, active surveillance, as it suggests, follows a rigorous monitoring protocol using serum prostate specific antigen concentration and repeat prostate biopsies to identify patients with significant disease to be cured. Once the patients are identified, treatment is customized for each patient.
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