Lung cancer has become the leading malignancy in the Western World and is threatening the Developing World too. In the US, the incidence is 12% among newly diagnosed malignancies; the prognosis is still poor, with less than 15% of patients surviving five years following diagnosis. It is more often than not diagnosed at a late stage, which emphasizes the need for novel detection and perhaps screening methods. This brief review touches upon the larger group of tumors, the non-small cell lung carcinomas (NSCLC) and evaluates established as well as new, potentially useful tests and prognostic markers. It is based on the work of the team of V. G. Gorgoulis at the Depts.of Histology and Embryology, University of Athens, Greece (Anticancer Res.22, 347-374, 2002).
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